Mahjong Terminology

The goal of the Mahjong game is to order your 14 tiles in sequences, here are the names of the possible sequences:

Chii (also called Chow) - a Chii is a sequence of three tiles, such as 2-3-4 or 4-5-6
Dragon and Wind tiles cannot be used in a Chii, all the tiles should be of the same type (e.g. all are Bamboo or all are Characters)
The chii cannot span over tile 9 - so 9-1-2 is NOT a chii.
Example - The three tiles circled in red Circle-4-5-6 are a Chii:

Another example - Character-7-8-9:



Pon (also called Pung) - a Pon is a sequence of three identical tiles, such as 8-8-8 or West-West-West.
Example - 3 tiles of Circle-4:

Another example of Pon with 3 Red dragon tiles:

Another example of Pon with 3 White dragon tiles:



Kan (also called Kong) - a Kan is a set of 4 identical tiles.
Example of Kan:

This is NOT a kan:



Pair - two identical tiles, all tile types are fine, including winds and dragons.
Example of Pair:



Other Terms used in the game:
The Wall - Similar to the deck of cards in Solitaire, The middle pile where you draw tiles from.

Types of game ends:
Tsumo - Winning after drawing a tile from the wall.
Ron - Winning after picking up other player's discarded tile (e.g. not drawn from the wall).
Tenpai - One tile away from winning the game.

Post Game:
Uma - End game score, the winner gets 9k points, second place gets 3k points, third place loses 3k points and last place loses 9k points.